By: Nzweundji-Khumbah J.G., Wirmvem M.J., Ndifon P.T., Mbah D. A.

Abstract:

Evidence-Based Science Advice (EBSA) has become an important component in the decision-making process. It enables policymakers to apply credible, independent scientific knowledge to address developmental challenges. In Africa, the formalization of EBSA remains uneven and historically dependent. This paper examines the genesis, evolution, and institutionalisation of EBSA across the continent, with particular emphasis on the role of national, regional, and continental science academies. A historical and institutional analytical approach was applied based on documentary sources, policy reports, and archival records. The study traced the development of African science advisory structures from colonial origins through post-independence nation-building efforts to continental coordination mechanisms. It analyses the establishment of senior national academies, the creation of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS) and the Network of African Science Academies, (NASAC) and major capacity-building initiatives such as the African Science Academy Development Initiative and the UKAfrica consortia programmes. Results show that EBSA in Africa has evolved into a progressively institutionalised, academy-driven system rather than a transfer of external models. Even though the academies are increasingly serving as credible intermediary institutions at the science-policy interface, their effectiveness is constrained by uneven legal recognition, limited domestic funding, and limited integration into policymaking structures. Strengthened institutional frameworks and sustainable local financing are critical to consolidate EBSA as a pillar of evidence-based governance in Africa.

Key words: Evidence-based Science Advice, Africa, genesis, Science Academies

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